| Epsom salth baths di Susan Owens |
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Gli Epsom Salts sono la stessa cosa del Magnesium Sulfate, che e' un sale fatto di solo magnesio e solfato ( e forse una piccola quantita' di acqua). Il Magnesio e' uno ione carico positivamente e si lega al solfato, che invece e' uno ione negativo. Il solfato e' un atomo di zolfo circondato da 4 atomi di ossigeno. Possono acquistarsi in farmacia o in negozi specializzati.
QUALE E' L'EFFETTO CHE DOBBIAMO ASPETTARCI DAGLI EPSOM SALTS? Gli Epsom Sats sono stati usati a lungo per stimolare la detossificazione, ridurre le infiammazioni ai muscoli doloranti, favorire la circolazione e aiutare con il rilassamento e con i problemi legati al sonno. La mmaggior parte dei bambini risponde ad un bagno con gli ES apparendo piu' allegro, piu' rilassato. Alcuni genitori riferiscono che i loro bambini reagiscono con piu' prontezza, " ci sono " di piu'. Alcuni genitori che fanno fare il bagno alla sera dicono che i loro bambini riescono ad addormentarsi prima, ed hanno un piu' normale rapporto col sonno. Dati nel tempo, i bagni con ES riducono anche i sintomi di integrazione sensoriale. Alcuni di questi effetti possono essere dovuti ai benefici della detossificazione, ma e' piu' probabile che provengano da effetti diretti sul sistema nervoso centrale.
PERCHE' HANNO QUESTI EFFETTI' E PERCHE' LA SOLFATAZIONE E' IMPORTANTE? Un beneficio dei bagni con ES e' legato ad un enzima noto come phenolsulfotransferase o PST. La Dr. Rosemary Waring ha condotto ricerche su questo argomento e ha trovato che il 92% dei bambini autistici testati il PST stava funzionando al di sotto dei livelli ottimali. Questo enzima, come tutti gli altri sulfotransferases, deve usare una forma di solfato modificata: non la forma presa nella vasca da bagno. Questo cambio avviene dentro alle vostre cellule aggiungendo le molecole adenosine e phosphate al solfato prima che ogni enzima sulfotransferase possa usarlo. Questa addizione fa si che il solfato venga trasformato nella forma " attiva ". Se ci pensiamo , niente di tutto questo puo' avvenire nella vasca: avviene nel vostro corpo dopo che il solfato e assorbito attraverso la pelle e dopo una complicata interazione di enzimi. Non accade spontaneamente, non importa quanto solfato abbiate intorno. Quando il PST ha abbastanza solfato da usare, si attacchera' le parti solfate delle molecole chiamate fenoli. Quando c'e' una deficienza di solfato nelle vostre cellule, i fenoli possono aumentare. Questo puo' interferire nel cervello e nel sistema nervoso con la funzione dei neurotrasmettitori dato che anche molti neurotrasmettitori sono fenolici. Per esempio, c'e' attualmente una forma di PST chiamata catecholamine sulfotransferase o M-PST che agisce sui neurotrasmettitori. Altri sulfotransferases agiscono sugli ormoni e sulle proteine e su alcuni carboidrati. QUALI SONO I POTENZIALI BENEFICI DI UN USO CONTINUATO A LUNGO TERMINE? Dopo aver usato regolarmente gli epsom salt, i bambini possono avere miglioramenti con il linguaggio, il comportamento, nell'umore e nelle capacita' fisiche.
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What are the potential long-term benefits of continued use?
Nella "Guide To Intestinal Health" della Kirkman Laboratories si discute come un danneggiamento dei processi di solfatazione possa portare ad una diminuzione della produzione di peptidi, e degli acidi biliari, che sono importanti per la funzione digestiva, e provocare cosi' problemi di maldigestione e malassorbimento. La solfatazione e' anche importante per la parete intestinale. Nel tempo, una diminuita solfatazione puo' causare che piccole porzioni della parete intestinale siano esposte, creando il "Leaky Gut" ( intestino permeabile ) che e' sospettato essere causa di allergie, asma e altri disordini neurocomportamentali. Una relativa assenza di solfato dall'esofago puo' essere cio' che provoca il reflusso.
OK, PENSO DI PROVARE I BANI. COSA DEVO FARE E QUANTI ES DEVO USARE E PER QUANTO TEMPO? La quantita' e la frequenza puo' variare da bambino a bambino . Alcuni genitori preferiscono usare circa 2 coppe di ES in una vasca d'acqua, lasciando il bambino in immersione per circa 20 minuti, una volta al giorno. Acuni genitori invece preferiscono fare i bagni ogni 2-3 giorni, altri settimanalmente. Come detto prima, se il vostro bambino e' uno di quei pochi che sembra essere piu' agitato dal bagno, allora riducete semplicemente la quantita' si sale usata.( mio figlio era uno di questi bambini e noi allora abbiamo usato un cucchiaino di sali all'inizio e poi gradualmente siamo arrivati ad mezza tazza)
QUALI SONO ALTRI MODI DI ASSUMERE EPSOM SALT PER UNA MIGLIORE SOLFATAZIONE? Alcuni genitori preferiscono mischiare gli ES con acqua e metterli in una bottiglia spray e spruzzare i loro bambini durante il giorno. Quando si asciuga, lascia un residuo bianco che potete lasciare per un maggior tempo di rilascio se cio' e' tollerato. Altri hanno trovato modi per dare ES in olio o lozione. Iscrivetevi all' Enzymes and Autism Yahoo! Group per ottenere le ricette per fare questi oli e lozioni. Al posto del bagno, alcuni genitori fanno ai loro bambini un pediluvio mentre mangiano o fanno qualche altra cosa . I Kirkman Laboratories al www.kirkmanlabs.com vendono una Crema che puo' essere applicata da 1 a 3 volte al giorno.Questa non lascia alcun residuo. Mi e' stato detto che ci sono anche altre marche di creme , ma non le ho mai personalmente viste.
HO FATTO A MIO FIGLIO UN BAGNO CON ES E LUI E' DIVENTATO PIIU' IPERATTIVO ED EMOTIVO. E' CONSEGUENZA DEL BAGNO? PERCHE' MIO FIGLIO REAGISCE COSI' INVECE DI AVERE I RISULTATI SPERATI?
Penso che la cosa importante da sapere e' che bisogna partire lentamente quando introduciamo un supplemento di qualcosa che e' stata carente a lungo, e poi aumentare gradatamente. Questo perche', deversamente dai farmaci, che hanno dosi prescritte dai dottori per ottenere un livello nel sangue di qualcosa ESTRANEO al corpo, introduciamo con i supplementi qualcosa che il corpo usa giá ogni giorno, ma in un modo differentee questo puo' essere generalizzato ad un sacco di cose. Quindi, se si e' stati carenti di solfato per lungo tempo, le cellule Sospetto che i bambini che diventano piu' iperattivi dopo uno o diversi bagni con ES possano essere quelli che maggiormente hanno carenza di questa sostanza recettori . Vi prego percio' di non interpretare questo ( reazione emozionale/ iper ) come il significato che gli epsom salt siano la cosa sbagliata...vuol dire esattamente l'opposto! Le persone normali non hanno alcuna reazione agli epsom salt eccetto forse di sentirsi piu' rilassati! Loro non identano iperattivi o piu' emotivi.... Se avete gia' provato a ridurre la quantita', e cio' non ha funzionato a ridurre questa risposta, sarei felice di parlare con voi offlist su che cosa potrebbe significare. Spero che questo possa aiutare. Dovete solo pensare come pensa una cellula Susan Owens
----- Original Message ----- Epsom Salt Baths What are Epsom Salts? Epsom Salts are the same thing as Magnesium Sulfate, which is a salt made of only magnesium and sulphate (and maybe a little bit of water). Magnesium is a positively charged ion, and it binds to sulfate, which is a negatively charged ion. Sulfate is a sulphur atom surrounded by four oxygen atoms.
You can buy them at your local drugstore or pharmacy or even in the grocery store. They are usually located in larger bags near the bandages or the foot care section (in a pinch, smaller containers can be found in the laxative aisle, but it is cheaper to buy them in the larger bags/cartons).
What is the anticipated effect from an Epsom Salt bath? Epsom Salts have long been used to stimulate detoxification, reduce inflammation to sore muscles, promote healthy circulation, and help with relaxation and normalizing sleep patterns.
Most children respond to an ES bath by appearing happier, more relaxed. Some parents report that their children are more responsive, more "with it". Some parents who give the bath in the evenings report that their children are able to get to sleep easier, and have a more normal sleep pattern.
Given over time, the ES baths may help reduce sensory integration symptoms. Some of this effect may occur due to benefits of detoxification, but it is much more likely to come from direct effects on the nervous system.
Why do they work? And Why is sulfation important? One benefit of the ES baths is linked to an enzyme system known as phenolsulfotransferase or PST. Dr. Rosemary Waring researched this and found that in 92% of the autistic children tested, PST was functioning at below optimal levels. This enzyme, like all other sulfotransferases, has to use a modified form of sulfate: not the form it takes in the bathtub. This change occurs inside your cells by adding the molecules adenosine and phosphate to sulfate before any sulfotransferase enzyme can use it. The molecular additions are said to turn sulfate into its "activated form". If you think about it, none of this can be happening in the bathtub: it is happening in your body after sulfate is absorbed through the skin and after a complicated interplay of enzymes. It is not going to happen spontaneously, no matter how much sulfate you have around.
When PST has enough activated sulfate to use, it will then attach the sulfate part of that molecule to molecules called phenols. In most cases, adding sulfate sets up those molecules for excretion in the urine, but it can actually activate other molecules. When there is a deficiency of sulfate inside your cells, phenols may build up. In the brain and nervous system this may interfere with neurotransmitter function since many neurotransmitters are phenolic, too. For instance, there is actually a form of PST called catecholamine sulfotransferase or M-PST which acts on neurotransmitters. Other sulfotransferases act on hormones and proteins and carbohydrates of certain sorts. Again, epsom salts are believed to help PST by providing the much-needed The gastrointestinal system especially needs a lot of sulfate. A diferrent sulfotransferase enzyme called TPST uses sulfate to activate two major gut enzymes. In animal studies the GI system takes as much sulfate out of the blood as the liver puts into the blood, so epsom salts are likely to mostly nourish the gut and spare the liver the job of making sulfate from scratch from the amino acid cysteine.
But how does this produce neurological improvements? The sulfate in these molecules is no longer in an ionic form, like you see in epsom salts in the bathtub, but is part of highly organized structures that will attract, bind and regulate many of the ions that are involved in cell signalling before those ions even get to the surface of neurons or to ion channels. You haven't heard about this from your neurologist because research on the What seems particularly relevant is that the nets are abundant and function in the auditory system, the somatosensory system, the vestibular system, the cerebellum, and in almost half of the cranial nerves. They even seem important for developing trunk strength. You may recognize these systems as the parts of the nervous system that are targeted by sensory integration therapy. Interestingly, the nets won't form properly in the brain without two things happening at the same time: adequate biochemical resources, and continued rapid firing of the relevant nerves. This argues favorably for coupling biochemical therapies that support this chemistry with the physical and educational approaches that are also known to offer benefits to these systems. If you want to know more about the biochemical side of this, you can read a
What are the potential long-term benefits of continued use?
What if my child gets agitated? Kirkman Laboratories "Guide To Intestinal Health" booklet discusses how impaired sulfation process can lead to a decreased production of peptides, and bile acids, which are important to digestive function, and lead to problems with maldigestion and malabsorption. Sulfation is also important to the intestinal lining. Over time, decreased sulfation can allow small portions of the gut wall to be exposed, creating the "Leaky Gut" which is suspect in allergies, asthma, and other neurobehavioral disorders. Sulfate's relative absense from the esophagus may be what makes reflux hurt so much.
Okay, I think we'll try the baths -- what do I need and how much Epsom Salt, and for how long? The amount and frequency can vary from child to child. Some parents prefer to use as much as 2 cups of ES in a bathtub of water, allowing the child to be in the tub for around 20 minutes, on a daily basis. Some parents prefer to do the baths every few days, some prefer every week. As mentioned before, if your child is one of the rare few who seem to get agitated by the bath, then simply cut back on the amount of salt used (my son was one of these kids and we dropped back to a teaspoon and worked up gradually to about ¼ to ½ a cup).
What are other ways to employ Epsom Salts for sulfation benefits? Some parents prefer to mix the ES with water and keep it in a spray bottle and spray their kids during the day. As it dries, it leaves a white residue that you can leave on for more of a "timed-release" effect if it is tolerated. Others have found ways to make ES oil or lotion. Please join the Enzymes and Autism Yahoo! Group for recipes on how to make it into an oil or lotion. Instead of a bath, some parents give their child a foot soak while they are eating or doing something else. Kirkman Laboratories at www.kirkmanlabs.com sells an Epsom Salt cream that can be applied 1 to 3 times a day. It does not leave a residue. I have been told that there are other ES creams out there, but I haven't seen them in any stores yet. If someone knows of another source, please add it to this file.
Q: I gave my child an epsom salt bath, and s/he seemed more hyper
I think the trick here, which is important to know about, is that you need to start slowly when introducing a supplement of something for which you have been deficient a long time, and then slowly work up to more. This is because, unlike drugs, where the quantity of a dose is set by the doctor trying to obtain a blood level of something FOREIGN to the body, introducing a supplement of something the body uses every day works in a whole different way, and this can be generalized to lots of things. I'll explain why. Most chemical reactions happen inside cells after substances have crossed over the cell's outer membrane. For things cells use everyday, they have specific transporters and receptors that are expressed on the cell surface in the quantity that is appropriate to assure an appropriate supply to that cell type. Not all cells like the same quantity. When everything works right, the inside of the cell gets the appropriate quantity of what it needs of that substance. The cell wants not too much and not too little and it knows how to adjust the availability of that substance to the inside of the cell when the supply outside the cell changes. If the supply of something the body uses up every day has been low for When the supply has been high for a long time, the cell will also cut back the quantity of the receptor or transporter on the cell surface. Cells are very fluid like that: changing and adjusting constantly: not like a machine at all! Your car doesn't increase the gas caps when its fuel supply is low, but it doesn't have to gets its gas from the passing parade by chance and kinetics...
So, if you have been deficient in sulfate for a long time, your cells would have upregulated the transporters to make much of little. All over the body, receptors that need sulfated ligands might have been upregulated as well, trying to increase their signal or supply. If you suddenly increase the quantity of sulfate that approaches the cell by several fold, you can get too intense a signal, and that can be overwhelming. That is why you should start slowly. This gives your body's cells a chance to readjust to the new level they will be seeing. We're not trying to overdo that level, but just to return it to something normal. Remember that cells are accustomed to biological rhythms that change the The way this biology works gives me the suspicion that the children who get If you are deficient in supply, even when you have receptors or transporters expressed at extremely high quantity, you still might be low in quantity for the function you need. The increase of receptors or transporters will help, but it isn't much of a solution long term. If you get exposed to something that requires a lot of sulfate for your body to detoxify (like phenols in fumes or foods or drugs), the level of sulfate available for NORMAL functions will be hurting temporarily as your body tries to recover from this demand. The loss of the function of other molecules that use sulfate for normal function is likely what is producing symptoms: not your body feeling toxic as if it had just been "burned" by the substance your body was trying to detoxify. That sort of injury might take longer and it would probably be more subtle, anyway. If you are having neurological reactions, you are probably seeing an adjustment in the neurological chemistry which is feeling shorted and may be overwhelmed with sudden change. Of course, you really need an appropriate supply of sulfate, but the story of HOW the supply got low in the first place can be very different from child to child, and involve organs like the kidneys, the liver and the GI tract and systems like the immune system. Anyway, as an example of this sort of mechanism with an entirely different substance, I'll tell you a little about the secretin story. This sort of receptor-quantity issue was suspected to be happening in the children with autism who were given IV secretin. In response to the same dose that had a predictable response in normal people, those with autism instead put out huge quantities of pancreatic fluid. Their response was intense on the very same dose that other patients were getting without experiencing this overexuberant response. Why? The sudden increase in secretin was more of a surprise for the bodies I've heard of parents starting with as little as a teaspoon in the bathwater and working up. You can also apply the solution topically, and can control the quantity by how much surface of the skin you cover. The half-life of sulfate in the blood is 4-9 hours. At any rate, please do not interpret this [emotional/hyper reaction] to mean the epsom salts were the wrong thing...it may mean exactly the opposite! Normal people do not have any response to epsom salts baths except maybe to feel relaxed later! They don't get hyper or emotional...
If you have already tried reducing the quantity of epsom salts drastically and slowly increasing the quantity, and it doesn't work to reduce this hyper or emotional response, I'd be glad to talk to you offlist about what else it might mean. Anyway, I hope this helps. You've just got to think like a cell thinks! Susan Owens
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